The Doctorate (Ph.D.) represents the third and highest level of university education.
The program lasts three years. The doctorate program aims to develop the skills necessary to conduct highly qualified research at universities, public institutions, or private entities, as well as to practice freelance professions, contributing to the creation of the European Higher Education Area and the European Research Area.
To be admitted to a doctorate program, candidates must hold a specialist/master's degree, a degree from the old Italian system, or a qualification obtained abroad that is recognized as suitable for admission purposes only.
Places are limited, and selection is through a public competition.
The Doctorate (Ph.D.) is awarded upon passing a final exam consisting of the defense of the doctoral thesis.